EGCG (Epigallocatechin gallate) is one of the ingredients of green tea extract. EGCG has been demonstrated to have multiple health benefits. Its characteristics range from antioxidants to anti-inflammatory diseases, which can benefit cardiovascular health, cancer prevention, reduce the risk of cognitive dysfunction, improve diabetes, and help with weight loss.
1、EGCG can prevent skin cancer and reduce UV damage
EGCG has UV-resistant properties and may play a preventive role in the development of skin cancer. EGCG treatment has been reported to reduce collagen synthesis and fibroblast collagenase secretion in mice (24 hours after treatment). Because is typical of UV-induced intracellular damage is to affect collagen synthesis and collagenase secretion levels.
In addition, UV B-induced damage was quantified by measuring UV B-induced guinea pig erythema. EGCG was reported to significantly reduce erythema within 24h after irradiation.
A similar study, involving the same type of mice, and the experimental results provide additional information on the extent to which EGCG induced apoptosis in the tumor and non-tumor areas of UVB radiation. After 20 weeks of UV B irradiation, the mice were treated with EGCG, once daily, 5 days a week, for a total of 18 weeks. This treatment resulted in increased apoptosis in 72% of non-malignant tumor cells and 56% of squamous cell cancer cells, but had no effect on proliferative or non-neoplastic regions.
2、Synsynergy of EGCG with other components in cosmetics
Based on the future development of the EGCG skin products, we establish the study of the interaction between the most common types of cosmetic components and EGCG.
In addition to treating acne, vitamin A also has anti-light aging and anti-wrinkle properties and can be used in cosmetics. The derivative of vitamin A, all-trans retinoic acid (ATRA), has been shown to help EGCG inhibit the growth of mouse B16 melanoma cells (a particular type of melanoma, known for its high metastatic rate).
In addition to the common properties of vitamin C and A (anti-wrinkle and anti-aging), vitamin C has been shown to enhance skin whitening. Furthermore, vitamin C reduces the light-induced photochemical degradation of EGCG and also improves the preservation of its antioxidant properties. It has been shown that vitamin C is able to increase the stability of EGCG molecules, especially in the water environment.
On the other hand, although EGCG has significantly lower concentrations than vitamins, EGCG was reported to enhance the lipid antioxidant effects of vitamin C and vitamin E.
Vitamin E is also an antioxidant and is also a very important cosmetic ingredient. As previously described, it did not enhance EGCG stability.-A form of tocopherol (vitamin E) has been shown to actively interact with EGCG.EGCG protects against endothelial cell damage resulting from hydroperoxide linoleic acid (LoaOOH), and-tocopherol enhances EGCG protection.
3. Titanium dioxide (TiO2)，UV filtration
Titanium dioxide (TiO2) is a very common ingredient in many cosmetics. If used in sunscreen, it appears at a nanoscale concentration, as it absorbs ultraviolet light and forms a transparent sunscreen film during topical use. In addition, if used in its main form (pigment grade) to brighten food, toothpaste, and some drugs.
One study in 2016 analyzed the interaction of EGCG with TiO2.Nanotitanium dioxide was coated with green tea extract (GTE) with the most abundant EGCG content. The GTE coating reduces the photocatalytic activity of the TiO2.Therefore, the coated version of TiO2 seems to be more suitable for cosmetic applications for sunscreen.
4. Hyaluronic Acid
Hyaluronic acid (HA) is highly moisturized and is a very common cosmetic ingredient. A vitro study in 2017 examined the interaction between HA and EGCG. EGCG and HA transporters on the resection skin in male Wistar mice had better antioxidant effects and had higher skin permeability and deposition.
5. Isopropyl Myristate
Isopropyl myristate increases skin permeability. EGCG had the second highest load and second slower release compared to the other four polyphenols time. Both of these two properties are important for the development of a topical emulsion.
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